@article{ref1,
title="High-technology based gait assessment in frail people: associations between spatio-temporal and three-dimensional gait characteristics with frailty status across four different frailty measures",
journal="Journal of nutrition, health, and aging",
year="2017",
author="Ritt, M. and Schülein, S. and Lubrich, H. and Bollheimer, L. C. and Sieber, C. C. and Gaßmann, K-g",
volume="21",
number="3",
pages="346-353",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: We analyzed associations between a battery of gait characteristics and frailty status across four different frailty instruments in old patients. <br><br>DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Geriatric wards of a general hospital. PARTICIPANTS: 123 hospitalized patients aged ≥65 years. MEASUREMENTS: Spatio-temporal and three-dimensional gait characteristics were assessed by an electronic walkway and a shoe-mounted, inertial sensor-based mobile gait analysis system. Frailty status was assessed by the frailty phenotype (FP), Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), frailty index (FI), and frailty index based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment (FI-CGA). <br><br>RESULTS: A reduction in walking speed (FP, FI, FI-CGA), stride length (FP, FI, FI-CGA), maximum toe clearance (FP, CFS, FI, FI-CGA), toe off angle (FP, CFS, FI, FI-CGA), heal strike angle (FI-CGA) and greater stride length variability (FP, CFS, FI, FI-CGA), stride time variability (FP, FI), double support time (FP, FI), and stride width (CFA, FI-CGA) were associated with frailty status across the four frailty instruments (all P < 0.05, respectively). Walking speed (FP, CFS, FI, FI-CGA), stride length (FP, CFS, FI, FI-CGA), maximum toe clearance (FP, CFS, FI, FI-CGA), toe off angle (FP, CFS, FI, FI-CGA), heal strike angle (FP, FI), stride length variability (CFS, FI, FI-CGA), stride time variability (FI), double support time (FP), and stride width (FP, CFS, FI) were related with frailty severity across the four frailty instruments independent of age and sex (all P adjusted < 0.05, respectively). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Gait changes in frail patients include more than solely a reduction in walking speed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1279-7707",
doi="10.1007/s12603-016-0764-4",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-016-0764-4"
}