@article{ref1,
title="Clinical characteristics and biological parameters in temperamental clusters of suicide attempters",
journal="Journal of affective disorders",
year="1997",
author="Engstrom, Gunnar and Alling, C. and Gustavsson, P. and Oreland, Lars and Träskman-Bendz, Lil",
volume="44",
number="1",
pages="45-55",
abstract="A sample of 215 suicide attempters was categorized in a cluster analysis into four groups according to temperamental trails. Monoamine metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid were analysed (n = 106). Dexamethasone suppression tests (DST) were performed (n = 154) and the activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase in platelets (pl-MAO) was assessed (n = 103). Patients belonging to the two clusters with the most deviant temperament profiles (nos 2 and 3) were young and scored high on the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the Suicide Assessment Scale. &quot;Cluster 3&quot; (&quot;neurotic, impulsive, aggressive&quot;) patients often had dysthymia and axis II, cluster B diagnoses (e.g. borderline or histrionic personality). &quot;Cluster 2&quot; (&quot;neurotic and introverted&quot;) patients often had major depression. The &quot;Cluster 1&quot;, with on the whole a normal temperament profile, had significantly higher levels of post-DST cortisol than the other clusters. The &quot;Cluster 4&quot; had a normal temperament profile. Adjustment disorders were most common in &quot;Cluster 1&quot; and &quot;Cluster 4&quot;. The monoamine metabolite levels did not differ between the clusters, and the differences in pl-MAO activity disappeared after adjusting for age and gender. The results suggest that temperament profiles in suicide attempters are related to psychiatric diagnoses, suicidality, hopelessness, and post-DST cortisol, but are not predictive of completed suicide.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-0327",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}