@article{ref1,
title="Cerium oxide nanoparticles improve outcome after in vitro and in vivo mild traumatic brain injury",
journal="Journal of neurotrauma",
year="2016",
author="Bailey, Zachary S. and Nilson, Eric and Bates, John and Oyalowo, Adewole and Hockey, Kevin S. and Sajja, Sujith and Thorpe, Chevon and Rogers, Heidi and Dunn, Bryce and Frey, Aaron S. and Billings, Marc J. and Sholar, Christopher A. and Hermundstad, Amy and Kumar, Challa and Vandevord, Pamela J. and Rzigalinski, Beverly A.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Mild traumatic brain injury results in aberrant free radical generation, which is associated with oxidative stress, secondary injury signaling cascades, mitochondrial dysfunction, and poor functional outcome. Pharmacological targeting of free radicals with antioxidants has been examined as an approach for treatment, but has met with limited success. Conventional antioxidants currently available scavenge a single free radical, before they are destroyed in the process. Here, we report for the first time, that a novel regenerative cerium oxide nanoparticle antioxidant reduces neuronal death and calcium dysregulation after in vitro trauma. Further, using an in vivo model of mild fluid percussion brain injury in the rat, we report that cerium oxide nanoparticles also preserve endogenous antioxidant systems, decrease macromolecular free radical damage, and improve cognitive function. Taken together, our results demonstrate that cerium oxide nanoparticles are a novel nanopharmaceutical with potential for mitigating neuropathological effects of mild traumatic brain injury and modifying the course of recovery.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0897-7151",
doi="10.1089/neu.2016.4644",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/neu.2016.4644"
}