@article{ref1,
title="School health promotion policies and adolescent risk behaviors in Israel: a multilevel analysis",
journal="Journal of school health",
year="2016",
author="Tesler, Riki and Harel-Fisch, Yossi and Baron-Epel, Orna",
volume="86",
number="6",
pages="435-443",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Health promotion policies targeting risk-taking behaviors are being implemented across schools in Israel. This study identified the most effective components of these policies influencing cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption among adolescents. <br><br>METHODS: Logistic hierarchical linear model (HLM) analysis of data for 5279 students in 95 Jewish public schools from the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) 2010-2011 survey in Israel enabled simultaneous estimation of the relationship between student- and school-level variables (health promotion policy) to alcohol consumption and smoking behavior. Principals of participating schools also were interviewed to ascertain their degree of adoption and implementation of a health promotion policy. <br><br>RESULTS: Most of the variance in adolescent risk behaviors is explained by student-level variables: negative perceptions of school, lack of parental support for school issues, and more time spent with friends. Among the school-level policy measures, parental participation in health promotion intervention programs was repeatedly associated with lower rates of risk behaviors, over and above student characteristics. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: School health promotion policies should focus on parents' involvement in intervention programs and should seek to improve students' perceptions of school and their sense of well-being to promote resilience. Further research is needed to identify additional factors that may increase the effectiveness of school health promotion policies.<br><br>© 2016, American School Health Association.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-4391",
doi="10.1111/josh.12394",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josh.12394"
}