@article{ref1,
title="Previous injury and chronic pain are associated with side of onset in Parkinson's disease",
journal="Journal of neurology and neurobiology",
year="2015",
author="Tekin, Izel and Vgontzas, Angeliki and Lewis, Mechelle M. and Kothari, Saira and Kong, Lan and Lu, Yue and Vrana, Kent E. and Huang, Xuemei",
volume="1",
number="3",
pages="e109-e109",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms are frequently asymmetric and the factors that influence the side of onset are unclear. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To explore whether peripheral injury and associated chronic limb pain may influence the side of onset. <br><br>METHODS: We administered a questionnaire to 128 PD patients in a tertiary movement disorder clinic. Handedness, date and type of limb injury(s) and duration of associated pain, and date and side of onset were ascertained. <br><br>RESULTS: Sixty-two subjects reported limb injuries prior to the onset of PD symptoms, 30 with and 32 without chronic pain (i.e., ≥ 2 months). There was no association between injury and PD onset side overall (p=0.334). In subjects with chronic pain associated with limb injuries, however, side of injuries was associated with the side of PD symptom onset (p=0.030). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Limb injury with chronic pain may be related to the side of PD symptom onset. Future studies may shed light on the nature of this observation.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2379-7150",
doi="10.16966/2379-7150.109",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.109"
}