@article{ref1,
title="Physical abuse, psychological abuse and neglect: evidence of alcohol-related harm to children in five states of India",
journal="Drug and alcohol review",
year="2016",
author="Esser, Marissa B. and Rao, Girish N. and Gururaj, Gopalkrishna and Murthy, Pratima and Jayarajan, Deepak and Sethu, Lakshmanan and Jernigan, David H. and Benegal, Vivek",
volume="35",
number="5",
pages="530-538",
abstract="INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: In India, alcohol consumption per capita has increased in recent years, and child maltreatment is highly prevalent. We assess alcohol-related harms to children, including physical abuse, psychological abuse and neglect, and correlates for men reporting these harms. DESIGN AND METHODS: We analysed data from household interviews collected in a cross-sectional, case-control study in five Indian states (n = 5026). Data were collected from October 2011 to May 2012. Using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression, we examined male adult's reports of five types of alcohol-related harm to children (respondents were not necessarily the perpetrators of the harms) and respondents' drinking patterns and socio-demographic characteristics associated with the reporting of these harms. <br><br>RESULTS: In this sample, 43.2% of the men reported at least one alcohol-related harm to children in the past year; among them, 61.6% reported multiple. Among all men, 15.7% reported that a child experienced physical abuse from adults' drinking. Adjusting for respondents' drinking pattern and socio-demographics, multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression showed that living in a rural area was associated with greater odds of reporting alcohol-related physical abuse, psychological harm and neglect to children. Compared with past-year abstainers, both non-heavy episodic and heavy episodic drinkers had significantly greater odds of reporting these harms. We found significant differences in the reporting of harms by location. <br><br>DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that adults' drinking is associated with physical and psychological abuse and neglect to children. Greater use of evidence-based alcohol policy interventions may help reduce alcohol-related harms to children in India. [Esser MB, Rao GN, Gururaj G, Murthy P, Jayarajan D, S Lakshmanan, Jernigan DH, Benegal V, Collaborators Group on Epidemiological Study of Patterns and Consequences of Alcohol Misuse in India. Physical abuse, psychological abuse and neglect: Evidence of alcohol-related harm to children in five states of India. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;00:000-000].<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0959-5236",
doi="10.1111/dar.12377",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dar.12377"
}