@article{ref1,
title="Suicide attempts in bipolar disorders: comprehensive review of 101 reports",
journal="Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica",
year="2015",
author="Tondo, L. and Pompili, M. and Forte, A. and Baldessarini, Ross J.",
volume="133",
number="3",
pages="174-186",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Assess reported risk of suicide attempts by patients with bipolar disorder (BD). <br><br>METHOD: Systematic searching yielded 101 reports from 22 countries (79 937 subjects). We analyzed for risk (%) and incidence rates (%/year) of attempts, comparing sex and diagnostic types, including by meta-analysis. <br><br>RESULTS: Attempt risk averaged 31.1% [CI: 27.9-34.3] of subjects, or 4.24 [3.78-4.70]%/year. In BD-I (43 studies) and BD-II subjects (30 studies), risks (29.9%, 31.4%) and incidence rates (4.01, 4.11%/year) were similar and not different by meta-analysis. Among women vs. men, risks (33.7% vs. 25.5%) and incidence (4.50 vs. 3.21%/year) were greater (also supported by meta-analysis: RR = 1.35 [CI: 1.25-1.45], P < 0.0001). Neither measure was related to reporting year, % women/study, or to onset or current age. Risks were greater with longer exposure, whereas incidence rates decreased with longer time at risk, possibly through 'dilution' by longer exposure. <br><br>CONCLUSION: This systematic update of international experience underscores high risks of suicide attempts among patients with BD (BD-I = BD-II; women > men). Future studies should routinely include exposure times and incidence rates by diagnostic type and sex for those who attempt suicide or not.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0001-690X",
doi="10.1111/acps.12517",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acps.12517"
}