@article{ref1,
title="Patterns of alcohol use after traumatic brain injury",
journal="Journal of neurotrauma",
year="2015",
author="Pagulayan, Kathleen and Temkin, Nancy and Machamer, Joan and Dikmen, Sureyya",
volume="33",
number="14",
pages="1390-1396",
abstract="Alcohol misuse and traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently co-occur. The negative consequences of this interaction are well documented, but the patterns of long-term post-injury alcohol consumption are less clear. This study examined patterns of alcohol use among 170 adults with a history of complicated mild to severe TBI. Participants were recruited from a Level 1 Trauma Center at the time of their injury, and completed evaluations at 1 month, 6 months, 12 months, and 3-5 years post-injury. Pre-injury alcohol use was also assessed at the time of the 1-month assessment. A modified Quantity-Frequency Index of alcohol consumption was then calculated for each time point. The results revealed high levels of pre-injury alcohol consumption, followed by a reduction in consumption at 1-month post-injury. A significant increase in consumption was noted by 6 months post-injury, followed by more gradual increases in alcohol consumption at 1 year. Post-injury alcohol consumption was comparable to the general public at 6 months, 12 months, and 3-5 years post-injury. These results suggest that the first six months post-injury may be the critical window of opportunity for alcohol intervention.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0897-7151",
doi="10.1089/neu.2015.4071",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4071"
}