@article{ref1,
title="Is "fear of passive movement" a distinctive component of the Fear-Avoidance Model in whiplash?",
journal="JCCA Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association",
year="2015",
author="Vernon, Howard and Guerriero, Rocco and Kavanaugh, Shawn and Puhl, Aaron",
volume="59",
number="3",
pages="288-293",
abstract="Modify the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) for 'fear of passive motion' beliefs. METHODS: With permission, a 14-item modification, the TSK-PM (passive movement), was created. Test-retest reliability was tested first. Construct validity was tested in chronic whiplash patients by comparing the TSK-PM with the TSK, the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and cervical ranges of motion. RESULTS: The TSK-PM showed high test-retest reliability (r = 0.83) and high correlation with the original TSK (r = 0.84). Low, non-significant correlations were found with other variables. NDI scores were strongly correlated with ranges of motion. CONCLUSIONS: While having high test-retest reliability and a single factor structure, the TSK-PM failed to demonstrate distinctive construct validity vs the original TSK. The original TSK is likely to be sufficient to assess fear of being moved in neck pain patients in a clinical setting. Modifications to the current version of the TSK-PM might improve its construct validity in future studies. KEYWORDS: chiropractic; kinesiophobia; reliability; whiplash.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0008-3194",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}