@article{ref1,
title="Risk and protective factors for trajectories of violent delinquency among a nationally representative sample of early adolescents",
journal="Youth violence and juvenile justice",
year="2012",
author="Reingle, Jennifer M. and Jennings, Wesley G. and Maldonado-Molina, Mildred M.",
volume="10",
number="3",
pages="261-277",
abstract="To estimate trajectories of violence using a longitudinal sample of adolescents, considering the effects of multiple domains of influences as differentiators between profiles of violent behavior. A nationally representative sample of 9,421 adolescents ages 15-26. Trajectories were estimated, and multinomial regression procedures were used to evaluate factors predicting membership in high-violence trajectory groups. Mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate the mediated effect of distal influences on violence. Three groups of violence trajectories were identified: (a) nonviolent (73.1%); (b) escalators (14.6%); and (c) desistors (12.3%). Peer alcohol use predicted both escalation and desistance; however, these effects were mediated through individual-level variables. Aside from baseline violence, no other risk factor predicted membership in the &quot;escalator&quot; group. The lack of significance in predicting escalation highlights the need for further study on the etiology of late onset violence. Implications for violence prevention are discussed. <br><br>KEYWORDS: Juvenile justice; Juvenile delinquency;<p />",
language="en",
issn="1541-2040",
doi="10.1177/1541204011431589",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541204011431589"
}