@article{ref1,
title="Sport concussion assessment tool - 3rd edition - normative reference values for professional ice hockey players",
journal="Journal of science and medicine in sport",
year="2015",
author="Hänninen, Timo and Tuominen, Markku and Parkkari, Jari and Vartiainen, Matti and Ohman, Juha and Iverson, Grant L. and Luoto, Teemu M.",
volume="19",
number="8",
pages="636-641",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To determine normative reference values for the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-3rd Edition (SCAT3) using a large sample of professional male ice hockey players. <br><br>DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study. <br><br>METHODS: Preseason baseline testing was administered individually to 304 professional male ice hockey players. <br><br>RESULTS: The participants were aged between 16 and 40 with a mean (M) age of 25.3 years. Over 60% of the athletes reported previous concussion, almost 20% had been hospitalized or medically imaged following a head trauma. Of the players, 48% reported no symptoms. The symptom score median (Md) was 1.0 (M=1.5) and severity median was 1.0 (M=2.3). The median of the SAC score was 27.0 (M=27.0). The median of the M-BESS was 1.0 (M=2.0). The Tandem gait median was 10.9s (M=10.8s). The most common baseline symptom was neck pain (24%). Delayed recall was the most difficult component of the SAC (Md=4); only 24% performed it flawlessly. All athletes completed the double-leg stance of the M-BESS without errors, but there was performance variability in the tandem stance (Md=0, M=0.6, range=0-10) and single-leg stance (Md=1.0, M=1.4, range=0-10). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Representative normative reference values for the SCAT3 among professional male ice hockey players are provided.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1440-2440",
doi="10.1016/j.jsams.2015.08.005",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2015.08.005"
}