@article{ref1,
title="Attention, motivation, and study habits in users of unprescribed ADHD medication",
journal="Journal of attention disorders",
year="2015",
author="Ilieva, Irena P. and Farah, Martha J.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Despite the limited effectiveness of ADHD medications on healthy cognition, prescription stimulants' cognitive enhancement use is increasing. This article examines enhancement users' attention, motivation, and study habits. <br><br>METHOD: A total of 61 users of unprescribed stimulants and 67 controls (no history of prescription stimulant use) completed tests of objectively measured and subjectively reported attention. Self-reports on study habits, as well as motivation during laboratory attention testing, were also administered. <br><br>RESULTS: Our data replicated previous findings of relatively lower self-reported attention functioning in users. Extending past research, we showed that user-control differences in attention were still present but less pronounced on objective measures than on self-report. In addition, we obtained evidence of lower motivation during cognitive testing and less optimal study habits among users, as compared with their non-using peers. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Unprescribed stimulant use is more strongly related to compromised study habits, low motivation, and a subjective perception of attention problems than to objective attention performance.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1087-0547",
doi="10.1177/1087054715591849",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054715591849"
}