@article{ref1,
title="An analysis of the characteristics of thoracic and abdominal injuries due to gunshot homicides in Israel",
journal="Journal of forensic sciences",
year="2015",
author="Maiden, Nicholas R. and Hiss, Jehuda and Gips, Hadas and Hocherman, Gil and Levin, Nadav and Kosachevsky, Olga and Vinokurov, Asya and Zelkowicz, Avraham and Byard, Roger W.",
volume="61",
number="1",
pages="87-92",
abstract="De-identified wound data from 197 homicidal gunshot postmortems were obtained between 2000 and 2008. Forensic ballistics data were only available for cases between 2004 and 2008. Males represent 91% of gunshot victims and were struck in the thorax/abdomen with an average of 2.3 bullets. The type of firearms involved were semi-automatic pistols in the predominant caliber 9-mm Luger and assault rifles in caliber 5.56 × 45 mm and caliber 7.62 × 39 mm Soviet, using full metal jacket bullets. The majority of shootings occurred at ranges of 1 m or greater. The most common bullet path was front to back in 66% of cases. Entry wounds occurred more often on the left side of the thorax, abdomen, and back. The most common critical organs/tissues to sustain bullet trauma in descending order were as follows: heart, lungs, liver, aorta, spleen, kidneys, and vena cava. Ribs were struck by most bullets that entered the thorax.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-1198",
doi="10.1111/1556-4029.12901",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12901"
}