@article{ref1,
title="Development of the multidimensional peer-victimization scale",
journal="Aggressive behavior",
year="2000",
author="Mynard, H and Joseph, Stephen",
volume="26",
number="2",
pages="169-178",
abstract="Although researchers have traditionally distinguished between. direct (e.g., name-calling, hitting) and indirect (e.g., ignoring, scapegoating) types of peer-victimization, there remains disagreement concerning how best to categorize types of peer-victimization. The aim of the present study was to delineate, using Principal Components Analysis, types of peer-victimization and to develop a multidimensional psychometric self-report scale. Respondents were 812 children aged 11 to 16 years and attending a secondary school in England. Once it was established that respondents were familiar with a definition:of bullying, they rated how often they had experienced 45 different victimizing acts. Four main factors were identified-physical victimization, verbal victimization, social manipulation, and attacks on property-and subscales constructed that possessed satisfactory internal consistency and convergent validity with self-reports of being bullied. <p />",
language="en",
issn="0096-140X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}