@article{ref1,
title="Understanding disparities in service seeking following forcible versus drug- or alcohol-facilitated/incapacitated rape",
journal="Journal of interpersonal violence",
year="2016",
author="Walsh, Kate and Zinzow, Heidi M. and Badour, Christal L. and Ruggiero, Kenneth J. and Kilpatrick, Dean G. and Resnick, Heidi S.",
volume="31",
number="14",
pages="2475-2491",
abstract="Victims of drug- or alcohol-facilitated/incapacitated rape (DAFR/IR) are substantially less likely to seek medical, rape crisis, or police services compared with victims of forcible rape (FR); however, reasons for these disparities are poorly understood. The current study examined explanatory mechanisms in the pathway from rape type (FR vs. DAFR/IR) to disparities in post-rape service seeking (medical, rape crisis, criminal justice). Participants were 445 adult women from a nationally representative household probability sample who had experienced FR, DAFR/IR, or both since age 14. Personal characteristics (age, race, income, prior rape history), rape characteristics (fear, injury, loss of consciousness), and post-rape acknowledgment, medical concerns, and service seeking were collected. An indirect effects model using bootstrapped standard errors was estimated to examine pathways from rape type to service seeking. DAFR/IR-only victims were less likely to seek services compared with FR victims despite similar post-rape medical concerns. FR victims were more likely to report fear during the rape and a prior rape history, and to acknowledge the incident as rape; each of these characteristics was positively associated with service seeking. However, only prior rape history and acknowledgment served as indirect paths to service seeking; acknowledgment was the strongest predictor of service seeking. Diminished acknowledgment of the incident as rape may be especially important to explaining why DAFR/IR victims are less likely than FR victims to seek services. Public service campaigns designed to increase awareness of rape definitions, particularly around DAFR/IR, are important to reducing disparities in rape-related service seeking.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0886-2605",
doi="10.1177/0886260515576968",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515576968"
}