@article{ref1,
title="Examining cultural, social, and self-related aspects of stigma in relation to sexual assault and trauma symptoms",
journal="Violence against women",
year="2015",
author="Deitz, Mandi F. and Williams, Stacey L. and Rife, Sean C. and Cantrell, Peggy",
volume="21",
number="5",
pages="598-615",
abstract="The current study investigated a model explaining sexual assault victims' severity of trauma symptoms that incorporated multiple stigma constructs. Integrating the sexual assault literature with the stigma literature, this study sought to better understand trauma-related outcomes of sexual assault by examining three levels of stigma-cultural, social, and self. <br><br>RESULTS showed self-stigma was significantly and positively related to trauma symptom severity. Thus, results revealed that the internalized aspect of stigma served as a mechanism in the relation between sexual assault severity and increased levels of trauma symptom severity, highlighting the importance of assessing self-stigma in women reporting sexual assault experiences.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1077-8012",
doi="10.1177/1077801215573330",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801215573330"
}