@article{ref1,
title="Emergency department admission and mortality rate for suicidal behavior",
journal="Crisis",
year="2014",
author="Pavarin, Raimondo Maria and Fioritti, Angelo and Fontana, Francesca and Marani, Silvia and Paparelli, Alessandra and Boncompagni, Giancarlo",
volume="35",
number="6",
pages="406-414",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The international literature reports that for every completed suicide there are between 8 and 22 visits to an Emergency Department (ED) for attempted suicide/suicidal behavior. AIMS: To describe the characteristics of admission to emergency departments (EDs) for suicide-related presenting complaints in the metropolitan area of Bologna; to estimate the risk for all-cause mortality and for suicide; to identify the profiles of subjects most at risk. <br><br>METHOD: Follow-up of patients admitted to the EDs of the metropolitan area of Bologna between January 2004 and December 2010 for attempted suicide. A Cox model was used to evaluate the association between sociodemographic variables and the general mortality risk. <br><br>RESULTS: We identified 505 cases of attempted suicide, which were more frequent for female subjects, over the weekend, and at night (8:00 p.m./8:00 a.m.). The most used suicide methods were psychotropic drugs, sharp or blunt objects, and jumping from high places. In this cohort, 3.6% of subjects completed suicide (4.5% of males vs. 2.9% of females), 2.3% within 1 year of the start of follow-up. The most common causes of death were drug use and hanging. In the multivariate analysis, those who used illicit drugs 24 hr prior to admission to the ED (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.23-9.73) and patients who refused the treatment (HR = 6.74, 95% CI = 1.86-24.40) showed an increased mortality risk for suicide. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Deliberate self-harm patients presenting to the ED who refuse treatment represent a specific target group for setting up dedicated prevention schemes.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0227-5910",
doi="10.1027/0227-5910/a000282",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000282"
}