@article{ref1,
title="Effects of five days of bed rest with and without exercise countermeasure on postural stability and gait",
journal="Journal of musculoskeletal and neuronal interactions",
year="2014",
author="Mulder, E. and Linnarsson, D. and Paloski, W. H. and Rittweger, J. and Wuyts, F. L. and Zange, J. and Clement, G.",
volume="14",
number="3",
pages="359-366",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: We tested whether intermittent standing or a combination of heel raising, squatting and hopping exercises was sufficient to prevent alteration in balance and gait following a 5-day bed rest. <br><br>METHODS: This cross-over design study was performed with 10 male subjects during 6° head down tilt: (a) with no countermeasure; (b) while standing 25 min per day; (c) during locomotion-like activities 25 min per day. Gait was evaluated by grading subjects' performance during various locomotion tasks. Equilibrium scores were derived from peak-to-peak anterior-posterior sway while standing on a foam pad with the eyes open or closed or while making pitch head movements. <br><br>RESULTS: When no countermeasure was used, head movements led to decreased postural stability and increased incidence of falls immediately after bed rest compared to before. When upright standing or locomotion-like exercises were used, postural stability and the incidence of falls were not significantly different after the bed rest from the baseline. <br><br>CONCLUSION: These results indicate that daily 25-min of standing or locomotion-like exercise proves useful against postural instability following a 5-day bed rest. The efficacy of these countermeasures on locomotion could not be evaluated, however, because gait was not found to be altered after a 5-day bed rest.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1108-7161",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}