@article{ref1,
title="African American mothers' self-described discipline strategies with young children in 1992 and 2012",
journal="Journal of Pediatric Health Care",
year="2014",
author="LeCuyer, Elizabeth A. and Christensen, Julie J. and Kreher, Donna and Kearney, Margaret H. and Kitzman, Harriet J.",
volume="29",
number="1",
pages="28-37",
abstract="In this qualitative descriptive study, 30 young, unmarried, low-income African American mothers in Memphis, TN, were interviewed in 2011-2012 about their discipline strategies with their 12- to 19-month-old children. Using content analyses, their strategies were described and compared with those from a similar sample in 1992. <br><br>FINDINGS suggest both continuity and change during that 20-year period. More mothers in 2011-2012 described the use of distraction and time out, suggesting a wider variety of strategies than were used in 1992. These findings may help clinicians to better understand disciplinary methods in young low-income African American mothers such as these in Memphis. Approaching mothers in a respectful and culturally sensitive manner will help them focus on effective, developmentally appropriate strategies consistent with their own parenting goals.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0891-5245",
doi="10.1016/j.pedhc.2014.05.009",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2014.05.009"
}