@article{ref1,
title="Continuity and change in women's characteristics over four decades",
journal="International journal of behavioral development",
year="1980",
author="Mussen, Paul and Eichorn, Dorothy H. and Honzik, Marjorie P. and Bieber, Stephen L. and Meredith, William M.",
volume="3",
number="3",
pages="333-347",
abstract="Fifty-three mothers of participants in the Guidance Study of the Institute of Human Development at the University of California, Berkeley, were rated on 21 cognitive and personality-social characteristics at approximately 30 years of age and again at age 70. As judged by the interage correlations, all 5 of the cognitive variables and 10 of the 16 personality variables, proved to be relatively stable over the 40-year period. Ratings of intelligence, mental alertness, speed of mental processes, use of language, and accuracy in thinking were relatively consistent and the following personality-social characteristics also showed continuity over the 40-year interval: talkativeness, cheerfulness, frankness in discussion, tendency to criticize, excitability, energy level and self-esteem. Ratings of self-assurance, attitude toward child and satisfaction with life showed little stability over this long interval. A new factor analytic method was used to extract 3 factors common to both ages, together with 2 factors specific to age 30 and 3 factors specific to age 70.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-0254",
doi="10.1177/016502548000300309",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502548000300309"
}