@article{ref1,
title="Children's judgements of emotion following moral transgression",
journal="International journal of behavioral development",
year="1993",
author="Murgatroyd, S. J. and Robinson, E. J.",
volume="16",
number="1",
pages="93-111",
abstract="The aim of this research was to examine contradictions between three published accounts of age-related changes in children's judgements of the emotion experienced by a wrongdoer: accounts by Barden, Zelco, Duncan, and Masters (1980), Nunner-Winkler and Sodian (1988), and Harter and Whitesell (1989). We report three studies involving children aged between 4 and 10 years who watched dolls enacting scenes involving a wrongdoer and then judged how that doll felt, and one involving adults who made an emotion attribution for story characters. Contrary to Harter and Whitesell, many children did judge a wrongdoer to feel happy, but contrary to Barden et al. and to Nunner-Winkler and Sodian, the incidence of happy judgements did not decline with age, and they remained even among adults. Contrary to Barden et al., &quot;happy&quot; judgements were no less common when children believed their teacher was going to see their answers. Contrary to Harter and Whitesell and to Barden et al., judgements of &quot;sad&quot; rather than &quot;scared&quot; were given by some young children. The developmental picture remains unclear.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-0254",
doi="10.1177/016502549301600106",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549301600106"
}