@article{ref1,
title="Hebbian learning and predictive mirror neurons for actions, sensations and emotions",
journal="Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences",
year="2014",
author="Keysers, Christian and Gazzola, Valeria",
volume="369",
number="1644",
pages="20130175-20130175",
abstract="Spike-timing-dependent plasticity is considered the neurophysiological basis of Hebbian learning and has been shown to be sensitive to both contingency and contiguity between pre- and postsynaptic activity. Here, we will examine how applying this Hebbian learning rule to a system of interconnected neurons in the presence of direct or indirect re-afference (e.g. seeing/hearing one's own actions) predicts the emergence of mirror neurons with predictive properties. In this framework, we analyse how mirror neurons become a dynamic system that performs active inferences about the actions of others and allows joint actions despite sensorimotor delays. We explore how this system performs a projection of the self onto others, with egocentric biases to contribute to mind-reading. Finally, we argue that Hebbian learning predicts mirror-like neurons for sensations and emotions and review evidence for the presence of such vicarious activations outside the motor system.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0962-8436",
doi="10.1098/rstb.2013.0175",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0175"
}