@article{ref1,
title="The impact of motor vehicle injury on distress: Moderators and trajectories over time",
journal="Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour",
year="2013",
author="Wiesenthal, Naomi and Vingilis, Evelyn R.",
volume="21",
number="",
pages="1-13",
abstract="Research reveals that motor vehicle injuries (MVIs) can result in severe and debilitating psychological distress. Yet, not every person who has sustained a MVI suffers psychologically. It appears that risk of distress varies by demographic and psychosocial characteristics. The present study aimed to explore the trajectories of post-MVI distress and the effect of pre-MVI psychological functioning on post-MVI distress. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to explore the longitudinal dataset from the Canadian National Population Health Survey. Participants were assessed up to nine years post-MVI. Post-MVI distress increased over time. Men experienced greater overall distress than women and a greater increase in distress over time. Pre-MVI distress predicted post-MVI distress. This relationship was strongest for those with greater pre-MVI alcohol consumption. At low levels of pre-MVI distress, greater pre-MVI alcohol consumption was related to lower post-MVI distress, but at high levels of pre-MVI distress, greater pre-MVI alcohol consumption predicted increased post-MVI distress. Those with partners experienced less distress than the unpartnered. This study supports the general findings of other post-MVI and post-trauma studies, although the current study's main and interaction effects reveal more complex and nuanced relationships among variables in their prediction of post-MVI psychological distress.<p />",
language="en",
issn="1369-8478",
doi="10.1016/j.trf.2013.08.004",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2013.08.004"
}