@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence and risk factors for suicidal ideation in a multiple sclerosis population",
journal="Journal of psychosomatic research",
year="2014",
author="Viner, Rebecca and Patten, Scott B. and Berzins, Sandra and Bulloch, Andrew G. M. and Fiest, Kirsten M.",
volume="76",
number="4",
pages="312-316",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence, incidence and determinants of suicidal ideation in the multiple sclerosis (MS) population. <br><br>METHODS: A sample of 188 subjects were randomly selected from a community-based MS clinic registry and participated in as many as 13 interviews over 6 months. Thoughts of &quot;being better off dead&quot; or of &quot;harming oneself&quot; were assessed using item 9 on the Patient Health Questionnaire, Brief (PHQ-9). <br><br>RESULTS: At baseline, the 2-week period prevalence of suicidal ideation was 8.3%. Over the course of 6 months, 22.1% of respondents reported having such thoughts at least once. Survival analysis incorporating baseline PHQ-8 scores as a covariate confirmed that being age 65 and over (HR=4.3, 95% CI 1.7-11.3) and having lower quartile self-efficacy ratings (HR=3.5, 95% CI 1.5-8.2) predicted suicidal ideation. Lower levels of task-oriented coping (treated as a continuous variable) also predicted suicidal ideation after adjustment for depressive symptoms (p=0.015), as did self-reported bladder or bowel symptoms (HR=2.6, 95% CI 1.1-6.0) and difficulties with speaking and swallowing (HR=2.9, 95% CI 1.3-6.8). Associations with MS symptoms were not confounded by depressive symptoms. <br><br>CONCLUSION: This study identified several potentially modifiable factors that may be useful for preventing suicide in people with MS.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-3999",
doi="10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.12.010",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.12.010"
}