@article{ref1,
title="Is being "spiritual" enough without being religious? A study of violent and property crimes among emerging adults",
journal="Criminology",
year="2013",
author="Jang, Sung Joon and Franzen, Aaron B.",
volume="51",
number="3",
pages="595-627",
abstract="Although prior research has had a tendency to confirm a negative association between religiousness and crime, criminologists have been slow to incorporate new concepts and emergent issues from the scientific study of religion into their own research. The self-identity phrase &quot;spiritual but not religious&quot; is one of them, which has been increasingly used by individuals who claim to be &quot;spiritual&quot; but disassociate themselves from organized religion. This study first examines differences in crime between &quot;spiritual-but-not-religious&quot; individuals and their &quot;religious-and-spiritual,&quot; &quot;religious-but-not-spiritual,&quot; and &quot;neither-religious-nor-spiritual&quot; peers in emerging adulthood. Specifically, we hypothesize that the spiritual-but-not-religious young adults are more prone to crime than their &quot;religious&quot; counterparts, while expecting them to be different from the &quot;neither&quot; group without specifying whether they are more or less crime prone. Second, the expected group differences in crime are hypothesized to be explained by the microcriminological theories of self-control, social bonding, and general strain. Latent-variable structural equation models were estimated separately for violent and property crimes using the third wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The overall results tend to provide a partial support for the hypotheses. Implications for criminology and future research are discussed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0011-1384",
doi="10.1111/1745-9125.12013",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12013"
}