@article{ref1,
title="A Test of the Black Subculture of Violence Thesis: A Research Note",
journal="Criminology",
year="1997",
author="Cao, Liquin and Adams, Anthony and Jensen, Vickie J.",
volume="35",
number="2",
pages="367-379",
abstract="We use data from the General Social Survey (1983 to 1991) to test Wolfgang and Ferracuti's hypothesis that violent values are widespread among African-Americans. Contrary to the expectations of the black subculture of violence thesis, our analyses indicate that white males are significantly more likely than blacks to express violent tendencies in defensive situations and that there is no significant difference between white and black males in offensive situations, ceteris paribus. Thus, we have rejected, within the limitations of our data, the hypothesis that a unique subculture of violence exists among the general population of African-Americans in the United States. (Abstract Adapted from Source: Criminology, 1997. Copyright © 1997 by the American Society of Criminology)Subculture of Violence TheoryAfrican American OffenderAfrican American ViolenceAfrican American AdultAfrican American JuvenileAdult OffenderAdult ViolenceJuvenile OffenderJuvenile ViolenceBlack-White ComparisonCaucasian AdultCaucasian JuvenileCaucasian OffenderCaucasian ViolenceViolence CausesViolence Incidence and PrevalenceViolence Rates07-06<p />",
language="en",
issn="0011-1384",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}