@article{ref1,
title="Voices of Strength and Resistance: A Contextual and Longitudinal Analysis of Women's Responses to Battering",
journal="Journal of interpersonal violence",
year="1998",
author="Campbell, Jacquelyn C. and Rose, Linda and Kub, Joan and Nedd, Daphne",
volume="13",
number="6",
pages="743-762",
abstract="An ethnically and economically heterogeneous (majority well educated, African American, and poor) urban community sample of women, self-identified as having a serious problem in an intimate relationship, were interviewed three times over 2 1/2 years. The inclusion criteria of battering was repeated physical and/or sexual assault within a context of coercive control. Feminist action research was used, combining interview and measurement instruments. Thematic analysis (coding, clustering, &quot;subsuming particulars into the general,&quot; confirming) was used for a random subset of 31 women's in-depth interviews. The patterns of response identified were complicated and iterative, demonstrating resistance and resourcefulness. A process of achieving nonviolence was identified for most of the participants, although relationship status did not necessarily correspond to abuse status and there was continued violence after leaving the relationship. Identifiable themes included (a) active problem solving, including conscious decisions to &quot;make do&quot; in a relationship and/or subordinate the self; (b) responding to identifiable pivotal events, and (c) a negotiating process first with the self and then, directly and/or indirectly, with the male partner. (Abstract Adapted from Source: Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1998. Copyright © 1998 by SAGE Publications)Longitudinal StudiesAfrican American AdultAfrican American FemaleAfrican American VictimFemale VictimAdult FemaleAdult VictimUrban AdultUrban EnvironmentDomestic Violence EffectsDomestic Violence VictimSpouse Abuse VictimSpouse Abuse EffectsVictimization EffectsVictim ResistancePartner ViolenceViolence Against Women03-04<p />",
language="en",
issn="0886-2605",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}