@article{ref1,
title="Self-Esteem, Narcissism, and Aggression: Does Violence Result from Low Self-Esteem or From Threatened Egotism?",
journal="Current directions in psychological science",
year="2000",
author="Baumeister, Roy F. and Bushman, Brad J. and Campbell, W. Keith",
volume="9",
number="1",
pages="26-29",
abstract="A traditional view holds that low self-esteem causes aggression, but recent work has not confirmed this. Although aggressive people typically have high self-esteem, there are also many nonaggressive people with high self-esteem, and so newer constructs such as narcissism and unstable self-esteem are most effective at predicting aggression. The link between self-regard and aggression is best captured by the theory of threatened egotism, which depicts aggression as a means of defending a highly favorable view of self against someone who seeks to undermine or discredit that view. (Abstract Adapted from Source: Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2000. Copyright © 2000 by the American Psychological Society; Blackwell Publishers)Offender CharacteristicsNarcissismOffender PersonalityPersonality CharacteristicsAggression CausesViolence CausesLow Self-EsteemOffender Self-EsteemAdult AggressionAdult OffenderAdult Self-EsteemAdult Violence10-01<p />",
language="en",
issn="0963-7214",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}