@article{ref1,
title="Construction of a scale of attitude toward death in the middle-aged and elderly and its validity and reliability",
journal="Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi",
year="2013",
author="Tange, Chikako and Nishita, Yukiko and Tomida, Makiko and Ando, Fujiko and Shimokata, Hiroshi",
volume="50",
number="1",
pages="88-95",
abstract="AIM: The purpose of this study was to construct a scale that measures multidimensional attitudes regarding death in the middle-aged and elderly, using scale items for adolescents, and to examine its reliability and validity. METHODS: Twenty-nine items which were selected from the scale of Attitudes toward Death (Tange, 1999) were administered to subjects, consisting of 2,223 community-living Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to examine the factor structures. The reliability and validity of the scale were examined. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis was performed to examine the factor structures of death attitudes, using the data from half of the subjects, indicated 5 factors. Confirmatory factor analysis, using the data from the remaining half, supported the goodness of fit of that model. Using this structure, the attitude toward death scale for the middle-aged and elderly (ATDS-A; five subscales) was constructed; &quot;fear of death&quot;, &quot;belief in existence of afterlife&quot;, &quot;intention to live out own life&quot;, &quot;meaning of death for life&quot;, &quot;approval of death with dignity&quot;. For these subscales, the alpha coefficients ranged from 0.59-0.87. The validity of the subscales was suggested through the relation with the ego integration score. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that the ATDS-A was reliable and valid, and was useful for the measurement of death attitudes in the middle-aged and elderly.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0300-9173",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}