@article{ref1,
title="Being bullied during childhood and the prospective pathways to self-harm in late adolescence",
journal="Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry",
year="2013",
author="Lereya, Suzet Tanya and Winsper, Catherine and Heron, Jon and Lewis, Glyn and Gunnell, David and Fisher, Helen L. and Wolke, Dieter",
volume="52",
number="6",
pages="608-618.e2",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To assess whether being bullied between 7 and 10 years of age is directly associated with self-harm in late adolescence when controlling for previous exposure to an adverse family environment (domestic violence, maladaptive parenting); concurrent internalizing and externalizing behavior; and subsequent psychopathology (borderline personality disorder and depression symptoms). METHOD: A total of 4,810 children and adolescents in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort were assessed to ascertain bullying exposure (between 7 and 10 years of age) and self-harm at 16 to 17 years. RESULTS: A total of 16.5% of 16- to 17-year-olds reported self-harm in the previous year. Being bullied was associated with an increased risk of self-harm directly, and indirectly via depression symptoms in early adolescence. The association between an adverse family environment (exposure to maladaptive parenting and domestic violence) and self-harm was partially mediated by being bullied. CONCLUSIONS: Being bullied during childhood increases the risk of self-harm in late adolescence via several distinct pathways, for example, by increasing the risk of depression and by exacerbating the effects of exposure to an adverse family environment; as well as in the absence of these risk exposures. Health practitioners evaluating self-harm should be aware that being bullied is an important potential risk factor.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0890-8567",
doi="10.1016/j.jaac.2013.03.012",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.03.012"
}