@article{ref1,
title="Deliberate self-harm, substance use, and negative affect in nonclinical samples: a systematic review",
journal="Substance abuse",
year="2013",
author="Moller, Carl I. and Tait, Robert J. and Byrne, Don G.",
volume="34",
number="2",
pages="188-207",
abstract="ABSTRACT Background and Method: A systematic literature review was conducted to examine associations between self-harm, substance use, and negative affect in nonclinical samples. Results: Forty-two articles describing 36 studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicated that individuals who engage in substance use are significantly more likely to engage in self-harm. It was also found that negative affective states such as depression and anxiety are consistently associated with self-harm. Conclusions: These findings provide some guidance in identifying those who are at increased risk of self-harm. Reducing these risk factors could be an important strategy in preventing self-harm behavior in the general population.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0889-7077",
doi="10.1080/08897077.2012.693462",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2012.693462"
}