@article{ref1,
title="Difficulties in functioning one year after injury: the role of pre-injury socio-demographic and health characteristics, healthcare and injury-related factors",
journal="Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation",
year="2013",
author="Langley, John Desmond and Davie, Gabrielle S. and Wilson, Suzanne and Lilley, Rebbecca and Ameratunga, Shanthi N. and Wyeth, Emma H. and Derrett, Sarah",
volume="94",
number="7",
pages="1277-1286",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To identify the role of pre-injury socio-demographic and health characteristics, injury and injury-related healthcare characteristics in determining functional outcomes 12 months after injury. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study involving one year follow-up. SETTING: Persons who were injured and sought treatment from a primary care provider and subsequently required ongoing assistance. PARTICIPANTS: Study participants (aged 18-64 years inclusive) were the 2282 participants in the Prospective Outcomes of Injury Study who completed the 12-month interview. The original cohort of 2856 were injured and registered with New Zealand's national no-fault injury insurance agency. With the exception of injury and hospitalization, information on predictors and outcomes was obtained directly from the participants, primarily by telephone interviews, approximately three and 12 months after their injury. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The functional outcomes of interest were the five dimensions of the EQ-5D plus a cognitive dimension. Our multivariate analyses included adjustment for pre-injury EQ-5D status and time between injury and the 12-month interview. RESULTS: Substantial portions of participants continued to have adverse outcomes, especially pain/discomfort, 12 months after their injury. The significance of factors varied by outcome. Factors adversely associated with at least three of the six outcomes were: pre-injury EQ-5D status, being female, aged 45-64 years, inadequate household income, pre-injury disability, two or more prior chronic illnesses, smoking regularly, dislocation or sprains to the spine or upper extremities, and having a relatively severe injury. CONCLUSION: A range of pre-injury socio-demographic and health characteristics are associated with several adverse functional outcomes one year after injury, independent of the nature and severity of injury. The latter, however, also have independent effects on the outcomes.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0003-9993",
doi="10.1016/j.apmr.2013.02.012",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2013.02.012"
}