@article{ref1,
title="The production effect benefits performance in between-subject designs: A meta-analysis",
journal="Acta psychologica",
year="2012",
author="Fawcett, Jonathan M.",
volume="142",
number="1",
pages="1-5",
abstract="Producing (e.g., saying, mouthing) some items and silently reading others has been shown to result in a reliable advantage favoring retention of the produced compared to non-produced items at test. However, evidence has been mixed as to whether the benefits of production are limited to within- as opposed to between-subject designs. It has even been suggested that the within-subjects nature of the production effect may be one of its defining characteristics. Meta-analytic techniques were applied to evaluate this claim. Findings indicated a moderate effect of production on recognition memory when varied between-subjects (g=0.37). This outcome suggests that the production effect is not defined as an exclusively within-subject occurrence.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0001-6918",
doi="10.1016/j.actpsy.2012.10.001",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2012.10.001"
}