@article{ref1,
title="Depressive symptomatology, self-esteem, and self-blame in battered women",
journal="Journal of family violence",
year="1992",
author="Cascardi, M. and O'Leary, K. Daniel",
volume="7",
number="4",
pages="249-259",
abstract="Thirty three currently battered women who sought counseling/support services from a Nassau County, New York community agency that provides services to victims of domestic violence participated. Eighty-nine percent of the women experienced severe acts of physical abuse and 31% of the women required surgery or suffered concussions as a result of their injuries. Fifty-two percent of the women scored above 20 on the Beck Depression Inventory. As the number, form, and consequences of physically aggressive acts increased and/or worsened, the women''s depressive symptoms increased and self-esteem decreased. However, only 12% of the women in this sample blamed themselves for causing their partner''s violence. Further, neither self-blame nor partner blame was associated with length of abuse or the frequency and severity of physical aggression. However, self-blame was marginally associated with depressive symptomatology.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0885-7482",
doi="10.1007/BF00994617",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994617"
}