@article{ref1,
title="Suggestiveness in photospread line-ups: Similarity induces distinctiveness",
journal="Applied cognitive psychology",
year="1992",
author="Wogalter, Michael S. and Marwitz, D. Bradley and Leonard, David C.",
volume="6",
number="5",
pages="443-453",
abstract="The present research examined whether line-ups based on target ('suspect') face similarity are biased or suggestive. Four experiments are described in which subjects constructed photographic line-ups by selecting foils similar in appearance to a target. Later, another group of subjects who had not seen the faces before (mock witnesses) were asked to pick out the targets from the line-ups. All four experiments showed that mock witnesses selected the target significantly more often than expected by chance, thereby demonstrating suggestiveness. Three alternative line-up construction methods were also evaluated. In these methods, foil selection was based not only on target similarity but also on similarity with one or more of the other line-up faces. Results showed that alternative line-up targets were not selected significantly more often than chance, suggesting that bias was reduced. An overall analysis showed that the alternative line-ups were significantly less suggestive than target-based line-ups. The results indicate that foil selection procedures that incorporate foil-to-foil similarity produce fairer line-ups than those exclusively based on target similarity.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0888-4080",
doi="10.1002/acp.2350060508",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acp.2350060508"
}