@article{ref1,
title="Children's defensive responses and emotional upset following a disaster: a projective assessment",
journal="Journal of personality assessment",
year="1990",
author="Dollinger, S. J. and Cramer, P.",
volume="54",
number="1-2",
pages="116-127",
abstract="Projective stories were used to assess the defense mechanisms of 27 preadolescent boys who were victims of a lightning strike in which one boy died. Denial, projection, and identification, in combination, were found to be inversely related to clinical upset, as was the age and sex-appropriate individual defense of projection. In addition, low-defensive boys' self-reports of fears agreed more often with their parents' reports of sleep and somatic disturbances than did high-defensive boys' self-reports. The findings provide support for the validity of the Defense Mechanism Manual (Cramer, 1982) and raise the issue of defense mechanisms as moderator variables in self-report questionnaires.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-3891",
doi="10.1080/00223891.1990.9673979",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223891.1990.9673979"
}