@article{ref1,
title="Infants in group care: Patterns of despair and detachment",
journal="Early childhood research quarterly",
year="1995",
author="Fein, Greta G.",
volume="10",
number="3",
pages="261-275",
abstract="Ninety nine infants were observed at entry into child care and at 3-month intervals during the first 6 months. We examined changes in relations among indices of adjustment and caregiver behaviors and which entry variables predict patterns of 6-month adjustment. Toy play shows no systematic relation with infant affective behavior at entry, yet 6 months later it is associated with positive affect and reduced social involvement. Caregiver interaction also changes; after 6 months expressive children receive more and different forms of attention than do nonexpressive children. Bowlby's (1969) account of institutionalized infants was used to identify different patterns of adjustment. Despair-like infants were distressed, immobilized, and self-soothing at entry. Infants who were detachment-like (i.e., object centered, happy, and socially unengaged after 6 months) received less attention from caregivers at entry. Some 6-month patterns have their roots in temperament dispositions, with differential outcomes determined largely by caregiver responsiveness.<p />",
language="",
issn="0885-2006",
doi="10.1016/0885-2006(95)90007-1",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0885-2006(95)90007-1"
}