@article{ref1,
title="Cardiovascular toxicity after ingestion of "herbal ecstacy"",
journal="Journal of emergency medicine",
year="1999",
author="Zahn, K. A. and Li, R. L. and Purssell, R. A.",
volume="17",
number="2",
pages="289-291",
abstract="&quot;Herbal Ecstacy&quot; (sic) is an alternative drug of abuse usually containing both ephedrine and caffeine. Our literature search did not reveal any other reported cases of cardiovascular toxicity related to herbal &quot;drugs of abuse.&quot; A case of cardiovascular toxicity following the ingestion of herbal ecstacy is presented. A 21-year-old male presented to the emergency department with an initial blood pressure of 220/110 mmHg and ventricular dysrhythmias after ingesting four capsules of herbal ecstacy. He was treated with lidocaine and sodium nitroprusside, and his symptoms resolved in 9 h. The pathophysiology and clinical course of ephedrine toxicity are discussed. Emergency physicians should consider ephedrine preparations in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with a sympathomimetic toxidrome. Drugs of abuse containing &quot;herbal&quot; products can produce serious morbidity and mortality.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0736-4679",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}