@article{ref1,
title="Attention-deficit hyperactivity symptomatology after traumatic brain injury: a prospective study",
journal="Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry",
year="1998",
author="Max, J. E. and Arndt, S. and Castillo, Carlos S. and Bokura, H. and Robin, D. A. and Lindgren, S. D. and Smith, W. L. and Sato, Y. and Mattheis, P. J.",
volume="37",
number="8",
pages="841-847",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To study prospectively the course of attention-deficit hyperactivity (ADH) symptomatology in children and adolescents after traumatic brain injury (TBI). It was hypothesized that ADH symptomatology would be significantly related to severity of injury. METHOD: Subjects were children (n = 50) aged 6 to 14 years at the time they were hospitalized after TBI. The study used a prospective follow-up design. Assessments of preinjury psychiatric, behavioral, socioeconomic, family functioning, and family psychiatric history status were conducted. Severity of injury was assessed by standard clinical scales, and neuroimaging was analyzed. RESULTS: The main finding of this study was that change in ADH symptomatology in the first 2 years after TBI in children and adolescents was significantly related to severity of injury. Overall ADH symptomatology during the study was significantly related to a measure of family dysfunction when family psychiatric history, socioeconomic status, and severity of injury were controlled. CONCLUSION: The presence of a positive &quot;dose-response&quot; relationship between severity of injury and change in ADH symptoms, present from the 3-month assessment, was consistent with an effect directly related to brain damage.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0890-8567",
doi="10.1097/00004583-199808000-00014",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199808000-00014"
}