@article{ref1,
title="Sex differences in bystander reactions to physical assault",
journal="Journal of experimental social psychology",
year="1971",
author="Borofsky, Gerald L. and Stollak, Gary E. and Messé, Lawrence A.",
volume="7",
number="3",
pages="313-318",
abstract="In a &quot;psychodrama&quot; situation, a &quot;spontaneous&quot; fight occurred between two male and/or female accomplices. As predicted, significantly more male Ss attempted to interfere with the fight than did female Ss. Contrary to prediction, however, none of six male Ss interferred when a male was &quot;injuring&quot; a female. A number of possible explanations for this latter finding were presented, among them the speculation that males obtained vicarious sexual and/or hostile gratification from seeing a male &quot;hurt&quot; a female.<p />",
language="",
issn="0022-1031",
doi="10.1016/0022-1031(71)90031-X",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(71)90031-X"
}