@article{ref1,
title="Risk of death or incapacitation after heart transplantation, with particular reference to pilots",
journal="Journal of heart and lung transplantation: the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation",
year="1998",
author="McGiffin, D. C. and Naftel, D. C. and Spann, J. L. and Kirklin, J. K. and Young, J. B. and Bourge, R. C. and Mills, R. M.",
volume="17",
number="5",
pages="497-504",
abstract="Pilots who have received a heart transplant may subsequently want to resume flying. This study was undertaken to determine whether a group of heart transplant recipients who had a particularly low risk of sudden unexpected death could be identified from clinical data. An event, &quot;rapid-onset death,&quot; was defined incorporating a number of possible causes of death that could result in a heart transplant recipient-pilot losing control of an airplane. The survival of 3676 patients undergoing a first heart transplantation was 85% and 73% at 1 and 5 years, respectively, the hazard function having a high early phase of risk. When time zero was moved to the beginning of the second year after transplantation, the freedom from &quot;rapid-onset death&quot; at posttransplantation year 2 and posttransplantation year 5 was 96.8% and 88%, respectively. For patients who had both a &quot;normal&quot; coronary angiogram and no episodes of acute heart rejection during the first year transplantation, the probability of &quot;rapid onset death&quot; during the second posttransplantation year was 1.4%, and given the same circumstances, during the third posttransplantation year the risk of &quot;rapid-onset death&quot; was 1.6%. This information is potentially useful to the Federal Aviation Administration for policy decisions regarding this issue.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1053-2498",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}