@article{ref1,
title="Psychologic, situational, and physiologic variables and on-ice performance of youth hockey goalkeepers",
journal="Mayo Clinic proceedings",
year="1998",
author="Smith, A. M. and Sim, Franklin H. and Smith, H. C. and Stuart, M. J. and Laskowski, E. R.",
volume="73",
number="1",
pages="17-27",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between psychologic, situational, and physiologic variables and on-ice performance of youth hockey goalkeepers. DESIGN: This study was structured to identify relationships and predictors of goalie performance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Because athletes playing solo positions in team sports have not been analyzed in depth in terms of precompetition anxiety and because goalkeeper performance is critical to game outcome, we undertook a study of 43 goalies at a hockey camp. These goalies completed psychometric inventories to assess trait and state anxiety, confidence, life stress, and social support. Holter monitors measured heart rate while the goalies rotated through on-ice stations. Goalies were videotaped at the puck-shooting machine station, and performance (percent saves) was calculated. RESULTS: Trait (somatic) anxiety and positive mood state (ability to share) had different but significant relationships with on-ice performance. Heart rates ranged from 88 to 208 beats/min at the on-ice stations. Mean heart rate for older goalies (14 to 18 years of age) was 164 beats/min at the puck-shooting machine and 176 beats/min at other stations such as the slap-shot station. CONCLUSION: Older goalies performed well at a high level of arousal. Better performing goalies were more experienced, had faster heart rates &quot;in the net,&quot; and had lower scores on all measures of anxiety.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0025-6196",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}