@article{ref1,
title="Effects of warning stimuli for reinforcer withdrawal and task onset on self-injury",
journal="Journal of applied behavior analysis",
year="1998",
author="Mace, A. B. and Shapiro, E. S. and Mace, F. C.",
volume="31",
number="4",
pages="679-682",
abstract="Results of a functional analysis of self-injurious behavior (SIB) in a child with autism showed that her SIB was maintained by access to preferred objects and escape or avoidance of task demands. Extinction and noncontingent reinforcement treatments were supplemented by presenting a statement combined with a picture cue at 30-s intervals indicating that a preferred object would be removed or a task would be presented. Warning stimuli in combination with extinction and noncontingent reinforcement reduced SIB to acceptable levels. SIB rates remained comparatively high in a control condition consisting of a 2-min delay to onset of reinforcer removal or task demands.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0021-8855",
doi="10.1901/jaba.1998.31-679",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1998.31-679"
}