@article{ref1,
title="The diagnosis and treatment of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea",
journal="Zhonghua er bi yan hou ke za zhi",
year="1998",
author="Ni, D. and Xu, C. and Zhang, Linhe",
volume="33",
number="5",
pages="303-305",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To summarize our experience in managing cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) rhinorrhea. METHODS: Twenty-nine cases with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea from 1982 to March of 1997 were reviewed. The duration of CSF rhinorrhea varied from 3 months to 23 years. The ages of the patients ranged from 7 to 72 years. RESULTS: The causes of CSF leak were spontaneous in 18 cases, traumatic in 6 (1 had two accidents and got two different leaking sites) and iatrogenic in 5 cases. Twenty-two cases underwent surgical repair. Overall closure rate was 81.8%. The causes, symptoms and signs, sites of leakage and surgical techniques were analyzed. The classification, diagnosis and treatment of CSF rhinorrhea were discussed. CONCLUSION: Transnasal extracranial repair undertaken by otorhinolaryngologist got better closure rate(93.8%) in this group. Transnasal endoscopic repair could afford excellent view, facilitate precise tissue graft placement and get better closure rate.<p /><p>Language: zh</p>",
language="zh",
issn="0412-3948",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}