@article{ref1,
title="Serious traumatic brain injury: an evaluation of functional outcomes",
journal="Journal of trauma",
year="1996",
author="Hawkins, M. L. and Lewis, F. D. and Medeiros, R. S.",
volume="41",
number="2",
pages="257-63; discussion 263",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: Evaluate independent living, productivity, and social outcomes of patients with serious traumatic brain injury (TBI) after inpatient rehabilitation. METHODS: Fifty-five adults with serious TBI (Abbreviated Injury Scale score > or = 3) were admitted to a Level I trauma center and subsequently transferred to a comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation hospital (Walton Rehabilitation Hospital). Functional Independence Measures were obtained at admission (Adm), discharge (D/C), and at 3- (n = 52) and 1-year (n = 51) follow-up. RESULTS: At 1 year, 90% of the patients were living at home. Eight (16%) required full-time supervision, while 41 (82%) were independent of supervision throughout most of the day. Thirteen (25%) patients had returned to work, eight full time and five with reduced responsibility and fewer hours than before injury. Nineteen shared household duties, while eight (16%) had primary responsibility. Fourteen (27%) patients demonstrated socially inappropriate or disruptive behavior at least weekly. [table: see text] CONCLUSION: Although cognitive skills were diminished for the majority of patients, many achieved a substantial reduction in disability within 18 months after TBI.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-5282",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}