@article{ref1,
title="Manganese poisoning due to use of Chien Pu Wan tablets",
journal="Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde",
year="1994",
author="de Krom, M. C. and Boreas, A. M. and Hardy, E. L.",
volume="138",
number="40",
pages="2010-2012",
abstract="A patient developed a severe chorea whilst taking Chien Pu Wan pills. At examination only a high blood level of manganese (3 times the normal value) was found. Chemical analysis of these Chinese herbal pills showed that each pill contained 14 micrograms of manganese. By taking 3 to 5 pills a day, our patient was receiving 42 to 70 micrograms of manganese over and above the normal absorbed quantity of 60-90 micrograms daily. Because the chorea developed during the use of these pills and resolved when the blood levels of manganese went down, and because the high manganese blood levels were the only abnormality we found, we assumed these Chien Pu Wan pills and the subsequent manganese intoxication to be the cause of the chorea. Manganese poisoning may cause extrapyramidal signs such as parkinsonism, dystonia and chorea. This form of alternative therapy is not yet subject to legislation. In order to be able to control the nature and (side) effects of this kind of therapy, legislation is required.<p /><p>Language: nl</p>",
language="nl",
issn="0028-2162",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}