@article{ref1,
title="An anthropologist underwater: Immersive soundscapes, submarine cyborgs, and transductive ethnography",
journal="American ethnologist",
year="2007",
author="Helmreich, Stefan",
volume="34",
number="4",
pages="621-641",
abstract="In this article, I deliver a first-person anthropological report on a dive to the seafloor in the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's three-person submersible, Alvin. I examine multiple meanings of immersion: as a descent into liquid, an absorption in activity, and the all-encompassing entry of an anthropologist into a cultural medium. Tuning in to the rhythms of what I call the “submarine cyborg”—“doing anthropology in sound,” as advocated by Steven Feld and Donald Brenneis (2004)—I show how interior and exterior soundscapes create a sense of immersion, and I argue that a transductive ethnography can make explicit the technical structures and social practices of sounding, hearing, and listening that support this sense of sonic presence.<p />",
language="",
issn="0094-0496",
doi="10.1525/ae.2007.34.4.621",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.2007.34.4.621"
}