@article{ref1,
title="Risk factor models for adolescent verbal and physical aggression toward fathers",
journal="Journal of family violence",
year="2009",
author="Pagani, Linda and Tremblay, Richard E. and Nagin, Daniel and Zoccolillo, Mark and Vitaro, Frank and McDuff, Pierre",
volume="24",
number="3",
pages="173-182",
abstract="Using a French-Canadian population-based longitudinal data set, we examine the impact of socioeconomic factors (paternal education and family structure); inherent individual factors (child gender and developmental trajectories of physical aggression from early to later childhood, problematic substance use), family environment (concurrent parent-child involvement, parental problematic substance use), and prospective and concurrent parenting process variables (mean parental supervision at puberty, concurrent punishment practices) as predictors of adolescent-directed aggression against fathers (in the last 6 months). A childhood behavioral pattern characterized by physical aggression showed the highest risk of adolescent-directed verbal and physical aggression toward fathers, regardless of sex. In terms of parental practices, verbal (and not corporal) punishment in the last 6 months significantly predicted aggression toward fathers. A childhood life-course of violence is likely to culminate in aggression toward fathers during adolescence. Beyond this risk, it seems that harsh verbal punishment by parents builds up the odds of child-directed aggression against fathers.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0885-7482",
doi="10.1007/s10896-008-9216-1",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10896-008-9216-1"
}