@article{ref1,
title="Correlations among self-esteem, aggression, adverse childhood experiences and depression in inmates of a female juvenile correctional facility in Japan",
journal="Psychiatry and the Clinical Neurosciences",
year="2009",
author="Matsuura, Naomi and Hashimoto, Toshiaki and Toichi, Motomi",
volume="63",
number="4",
pages="478-485",
abstract="AIM: The purpose of this study was to examine the following hypothesis: (i) Self-esteem and aggressiveness, adverse childhood experiences (ACE), and a depressive tendency interact with each other. (ii) The subjects show a strong depressive tendency, and each of the other factors exerts a main effect on, and interacts with, the depressive tendency. METHOD: The subjects were 91 juveniles (all female) admitted to a female juvenile correctional facility between November 2005 and December 2006. They were aged 15-19 years, with a mean age of 17.0 (SD = 1.18) years. Self-esteem scale, aggression scale, ACE questionnaire, and depression scale were conducted. RESULTS: Significant main effects (R(2) = 0.50, P < 0.001) on the depression score were observed in self-esteem (beta = -0.41, P < 0.001) and aggression (beta = 0.21, P < 0.05). Self-esteem, aggression, ACE, and depression were found to be interrelated. CONCLUSION: Low self-esteem was also shown to exert marked effects on various factors. About half of the inmates of the facility were depressed, and the main effects of self-esteem, aggression, and the ACE score were shown to influence the depression score.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1323-1316",
doi="10.1111/j.1440-1819.2009.01996.x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2009.01996.x"
}