@article{ref1,
title="Substance use, childhood sexual abuse, and sexual risk behavior among women in methadone treatment",
journal="American journal of drug and alcohol abuse encompassing all addictive disorders",
year="2009",
author="Cohen, Lisa R. and Tross, Susan and Pavlicova, Martina and Hu, Mei-Chen and Campbell, Aimee N. and Nunes, Edward V.",
volume="35",
number="5",
pages="305-310",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Substance use and a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are risk factors for unprotected sex among women, yet questions remain as to how their combined influence may differentially affect sexual risk. OBJECTIVE: The current study investigated how complex relationships among drug use and CSA may contribute to unprotected sexual occasions (USO). METHODS: A Generalized Linear Mixed Model was used to examine the interaction between current cocaine/stimulants and opioid use and CSA on number of USOs in a sample of 214 sexually active women in outpatient methadone maintenance treatment. RESULTS: For women with CSA, an increase in days of cocaine/stimulant use was associated with a significant increase in USOs. In contrast, an increase in days of opiate use was associated with a significant decrease in USOs. For the group of women who did not report CSA, there was a significant increase in USOs with increased opiate use. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that CSA is related to unprotected sexual occasions depending on drug type and severity of use. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Women with CSA using cocaine are at particularly high risk for having unprotected sex and should be specifically targeted for HIV prevention interventions.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0095-2990",
doi="10.1080/00952990903060127",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00952990903060127"
}